How to set goals and goal value in Google Analytics

It’s something I’ve said so many times that you could likely manufacture a pull-string doll of me saying it:

If you don’t have goals and goal values set up in Google Analytics, you’re doing it wrong.

At the end of the day, you absolutely must have some sort of tangible value assigned to your online work. It doesn’t have to necessarily be money, but it does need to be something that’s of actual use to you, your business or organization, etc. In the world of web analytics, that’s a goal.

A goal isn’t necessarily only the final sale of goods. It can be anything from your marketing funnel that has a direct line to your goal. For example, one of my goals on ChristopherSPenn.com is to get people to subscribe to my newsletter.

Setting up a goal is easy. Decide what actions on your site you want people to take and note the URLs of those actions and their confirmations. For example, if I want you to subscribe to the newsletter, then my goal is you reaching the “thanks for subscribing” page. Over at my company’s site, WhatCounts, one of our goals is having you reach a landing page’s confirmation after filling out a registration form.

What if your goal goes off your site? Easy enough – use event tracking as the goal instead. I do this on my newsletter subscribe buttons, as they send people off-site. By configuring an event (on click) for the button, I track how many people hit the button and use that as a goal. For more information about event tracking, read the manual.

The harder part of goals is setting goal values. What value does someone have for one of your goals? If you’ve got an e-commerce site, that answer is relatively simple, the average value of a sale at the checkout page. For B2B, one of the most basic formulae I recommend is value per lead.

Take the amount of new business generated via your website over the last major statistical interval (at least a quarter, preferable two quarters) and divide it by the number of raw leads for that time period. For example, if you generated $100,000 from your website last quarter and had 1,000 leads, your goal value for a new lead is $10, and that’s what you put in the goal value box.

Suppose it’s even more abstract than that? For example, I don’t currently derive a significant amount of revenue from my newsletter because it’s mostly a networking and presence of mind vehicle. The last time I had to change jobs, however, I hit my list and was able to find new work in very, very short order. In theory then, my email list is worth whatever my annual income is, and a new lead, a new subscriber, is worth whatever percentage of income/subscribers at the time I was looking for work. Now, that’s a bit of a theoretical stretch, but it’s better than nothing for the purposes of measuring goal value.

A third way to assess goal values for goals that have a very abstract value is to use the much-maligned-but-better-than-nothing ad equivalency value. Let’s say that I’ve got an event coming up like, oh, PodCamp Boston. If I had to go out and rent a highly targeted list of people, what would it cost me to do so? Here’s an example:

Brand Republic – Opt-In Email Addresses. Contact 9,051 subscribers to Brand Republic magazine through their email addresses. The publication is geared toward professionals in advertising, communications, marketing and media. Selects include job function, business sector, number of employees and more. Base list price is $555/M. Contact your list broker.

To hit this list of highly targeted professionals, it’d cost me $5,023.31, or roughly 56 cents per name. Thus, my goal value in Google Analytics can be set to 56 cents per subscriber to my mailing list and I’d be saving the amount of money that the list rental would cost me in ad equivalency value.

Hopefully you’ve now got a few different ideas for how to set your goal values. Make sure you actually go do it and soon!

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